Effects of basic media and plant growth regulators on Direct-somatic embryogenesis induction in vegetative strains obtained from the tissue culture of digitalis purpurea

Mohammed Ahmed AL-Oqab; Salim Zaid; Youssef Al-Ammouri

doi:10.9755/ejfa.2023.v35.i2.3008

Authors

Mohammed Ahmed AL-Oqab Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, 2 National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria.
Salim Zaid Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, 2 National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria.
Youssef Al-Ammouri 1 Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Science, Damascus University, Damascus, Syria, 2 National Commission for Biotechnology, Damascus, Syria

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2023.v35.i2.3008

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the effects of certain nutrient medium types enhanced with plant-growth regulators on the direct induction
of somatic embryogenesis in vegetative strains produced and propagated from a tissue culture of Digitalis purpurea. The results show
that MS medium was superior to other tested nutrient media-B5, LS, and 5C01—in terms of the days required to initiate direct somatic
embryogenesis induction and induction rate. In contrast, the LS medium resulted in the highest number of embryos. Moreover, 2 mg/L
BA (benzyl adenine) was superior to similar concentrations of BAP (benzyl aminopurine) and Kin (kinetin) in the MS medium, whereas
BAP performed better in LS and B5. On the other hand, auxin 2.4D (dichlorophenoxy acetic acid) inhibited somatic embryogenesis, as did
NAA (naphthalene acetic acid) and IAA (indole acetic acid) when added individually. Regarding the type of explant, the stems showed
the induction rates and numbers of direct-somatic embryos produced in all the basic media.
Keywords: Digitalis purpurea; Vegetative strains; Direct-somatic embryogenesis; Explant; Basic media